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National Land and Geological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning System Plan

Background Introduction

Geological hazards are caused by both natural and anthropogenic factors, resulting in losses of human life and property as well as environmental damage. They primarily include landslides, rockfalls, debris flows, and ground fissures. Once a geological hazard occurs, it often affects a wide area, posing a severe threat to the safety of people’s lives and property.
In recent years, landslides, rockfalls, and debris flows have been the primary focus of research in the field. To enhance public awareness of disaster prevention and mitigation, reduce casualties, safeguard social stability and the normal order of production and daily life, improve the quality of life for the population, promote the comprehensive development of economic construction and all social undertakings in areas severely affected by geological hazards, and ensure that people can live and work in peace and contentment, it has become an urgent priority to strengthen early warning and forecasting for geological hazards.

Solution Overview

The geological hazard monitoring system integrates multiple types of monitoring sensors, including GNSS, crack sensors, rain gauges, landslide monitors, tilt sensors, and piezometric level gauges, to enable the automated acquisition, transmission, storage, processing, and analysis of geological hazard monitoring data. When monitored data exceed predefined warning thresholds, the system promptly issues early warning alerts to ensure timely response.

The construction of the geological hazard monitoring and early-warning system involves the deployment of crowd-based monitoring and prevention facilities and equipment powered by IoT technology, primarily comprising audio-visual alarms, household alarm devices, and high-power public-address systems. The audio-visual alarms are integrated with professional monitoring equipment and can be controlled via the intelligent data-collection terminals of such equipment.

FEATURES OF THE SOLUTION

High-sensitivity monitoring

The system is equipped with high-precision sensors and instruments that enable real-time, accurate monitoring of geohazard-related parameters, such as seismic activity, surface displacement, and soil moisture.

Real-time data transmission

The system features high-speed data transmission capabilities, enabling real-time delivery of monitored data to the monitoring center or relevant authorities for prompt analysis, early warning, and decision-making.

Intelligent Analysis and Early Warning

The system leverages advanced algorithms, including artificial intelligence, to perform real-time data analysis and model computations, thereby delivering accurate disaster early-warning information to support relevant authorities in implementing emergency response measures and mitigation actions.

Multi-level early warning system

The system has established a multi-tiered early warning framework that employs different warning levels and response measures based on varying disaster risks, with the aim of minimizing losses caused by disasters.

Remote Monitoring and Control

The system features remote monitoring and control capabilities, enabling the monitoring center to remotely view the status, data, and alert information of each monitoring point and to implement response measures—such as closing roads and evacuating crowds—through the remote control system.

Reliability and Stability

The system employs highly reliable hardware and a robust software platform, enabling long-term operation in harsh working environments while maintaining data accuracy and stability.

National Land and Geological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning System Plan

Typical Configuration for Application Scenarios

The geological hazard monitoring and early warning platform comprises modules for station management, real-time monitoring, image-based monitoring, early warning management, information management, operation and maintenance inspections, statistical analysis, hazard hotspot management, and system management.

Safety Monitoring and Early Warning Solution for Slope-Excavation Housing Construction

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Safety Monitoring and Early Warning Solution for Slope-Excavation Housing Construction

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RECOMMENDED CASES

RECOMMENDED PRODUCTS

Geodetic GNSS receiver

The geodetic GNSS receiver is a versatile deformation-monitoring device that integrates a high‑precision GNSS module with MEMS sensors. It supports multi‑system, multi‑frequency signal reception, including BeiDou‑3, GPS, and GLONASS, and delivers millimeter‑level static monitoring as well as centimeter‑level dynamic monitoring. Equipped with an advanced intelligent fusion algorithm, the device combines satellite positioning data with inertial sensor information to enable continuous, reliable displacement monitoring in complex environments. It is widely applicable to geological hazard and engineering safety monitoring scenarios, such as landslides, subsidence, and mining‑area deformations.

Radar water level gauge

Radar water level gauges are developed based on millimeter-wave radar and designed for measuring water levels. By recording the time it takes for a pulse wave to travel and multiplying it by the speed of electromagnetic waves, the gauge determines the distance between the liquid surface and the radar antenna, thereby indicating changes in water level. This device is a compact, all‑weather, all‑time sensor that offers high integration, a small footprint, and easy installation.

Integrated Soil Moisture Monitor

The integrated soil moisture monitor is a multi-layer soil moisture sensing device based on the frequency-domain reflectometry (FDR) principle, capable of simultaneously measuring volumetric water content at three distinct depths within the same soil profile. The device integrates high-sensitivity sensors, a low-power processor, and a wireless communication module, supporting remote configuration and real-time data transmission. It features robust temperature compensation and excellent soil adaptability, making it well-suited for long-term soil moisture monitoring in precision agriculture, landslide early warning, eco-hydrology, and other applications.

Rainfall monitor

The rainfall monitor is a fully automatic rainfall recording device featuring a dual‑bucket mechanical design, offering a resolution of 0.2 mm and a measurement accuracy of ±2%. It can operate reliably under extreme temperature and vibration conditions. The device integrates rainfall sensing, data storage, and wireless transmission capabilities, supporting real-time calculation of rainfall intensity and cumulative rainfall statistics. It is widely used in meteorology, hydrology, geological hazard monitoring, and urban flood‑control surveillance.

Integrated Tilt (Collapse) Monitor

The integrated tilt (collapse) monitoring device is an intelligent monitoring system that combines high-precision sensing, wireless transmission, and a high level of environmental protection. It employs triaxial MEMS tilt and vibration‑acceleration sensors to continuously acquire real-time data on structural tilt angles, acceleration, and ambient temperature and humidity, which are then transmitted to a cloud platform via 4G, LoRa, or other communication methods. This device is ideally suited for long-term safety monitoring of slopes, bridges, towers, and other structures. Featuring low power consumption, extended battery life, and strong anti‑interference capabilities, it provides reliable data to support structural health assessments and disaster early warning.

Integrated Crack Monitor

The Integrated Crack Monitor is an intelligent monitoring terminal that leverages cable‑pull displacement sensing and multi‑parameter fusion technology, specifically designed for monitoring surface deformations such as slope cracks and retaining wall fissures. The device incorporates a high‑precision displacement sensor and a triaxial accelerometer/tilt sensor, enabling real-time measurement of crack width changes, wall vibrations, and tilt angles. Data can be transmitted remotely and alarms triggered via LoRa or 4G networks. With a robust structure and straightforward installation, it is well suited for long‑term automated monitoring in harsh outdoor environments.

Debris Flow Line-Disconnection Monitor

The debris‑flow line‑break monitoring device is an intelligent monitoring and early‑warning system specifically designed for geological hazard prevention in mountainous valleys during the flood season. It focuses on real-time sensing and timely reporting of sudden geological hazards such as debris flows and flash floods caused by torrential runoff. The device integrates high‑precision cable‑strain sensors, data acquisition, and wireless transmission modules, featuring a highly compact, modular design that adapts to complex field conditions. Typically deployed at both ends of debris‑flow‑prone gullies, it employs a physics‑based triggering mechanism to accurately detect impact‑induced signals from debris flows and floodwaters carrying sediment and rocks. This enables second‑level hazard detection, instant data upload, and remote alarm notification, buying valuable time for preemptive evacuation and emergency response.

Array-type displacement sensor

The array-type displacement meter is a flexible, series‑connected three‑dimensional inclinometer array composed of multiple measurement units. It is ideally suited for monitoring three‑dimensional spatial deformations, such as deep‑buried displacements, tunnel convergence, and excavation pit deformation. The device employs high‑precision MEMS sensors and a flexible circuit design, enabling it to bend freely with structural deformation while providing real‑time outputs of displacement, tilt angle, and vibration data. It also features trigger‑based data acquisition and a low‑power sleep mode, making it well suited for long‑term, concealed‑installation monitoring and automated safety‑alert systems.

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National Land and Geological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning System Plan

Typical Configuration for Application Scenarios

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